Multisig Threshold
The minimum number of signatures required to execute a transaction in a multisig wallet. Usually written as 'M-of-N' — e.g. 2-of-3 means two signatures out of three signers are needed.
Aliases: m-of-n, multisig quorum, threshold multisig
A multisig threshold is the M parameter in an M-of-N multisig wallet — the minimum number of valid signatures needed for an operation to succeed. Below the threshold, transactions cannot execute.
Common configurations
| Threshold | Use case |
|---|---|
| 2-of-3 | Small team, personal seed-share |
| 3-of-5 | Mid-size startup, mid-tier DAO treasury |
| 4-of-7 / 5-of-9 | Large DAO or fund |
| 1-of-N | ”Shared wallet” — anyone can sign. Insecure. |
| N-of-N | Total unanimity; one absent signer freezes the wallet |
Picking M
- M too low (e.g. 1-of-3) — one key compromise drains the wallet.
- M too high (3-of-3) — one lost key bricks the wallet.
- Sweet spot — M = ⌈N/2⌉+1 (a majority): survives one loss or one compromise.
Context on TON
TON multisigs are smart contracts. Common implementations:
- TON Multisig (official) — supported by Tonkeeper and MyTonWallet.
- Gnosis-style implementations for DAO treasuries.
Each transaction is drafted off-chain or via a wallet UI, collects signatures, and is broadcast once the threshold is reached.